Hotel Metropolitan Sendai , Sendai , Japan
نویسنده
چکیده
Social cognition or behaviors are, by definition, highly influenced by society and culture. Therefore, I dare to add “in Japan” in the title of my presentation. However, I believe that western societies and Japan share some values and principles hoping that the key points of my talk will be appreciated. In the first part, I will talk about moral emotions. Moral emotions (guilt, shame and embarrassment) are called self-conscious emotions. Self-conscious emotions are emotions founded in social relationship and arise from concerns about others’ opinions of self or the behavior of self. Negative evaluation of self or the behavior of self is fundamental to guilt, shame, and embarrassment. Our results support the notion that recognizing these emotions requiring the ability to represent the mental states of others. The studies of moral cognition have focused exclusively on violation of social norms and negative moral emotions, and there has been very little study on positive moral emotions or psychological responses to moral beauty. Our study indicates that the evaluation of moral beauty might be related to that of aesthetic evaluation. In the second part, I will talk about jealousy and envy. Although envy and jealousy are used interchangeably in daily usage, research shows that these two emotions are actually different. Jealousy typically involves three people and occurs when one fears losing someone to another person. We found gender differences in neurocognitive mechanism of jealousy. Envy typically involves two people and occurs when one lacks something enjoyed by another. We often evaluate self and others from social comparisons. We feel envy when the target person has superior and self-relevant characteristics. Schadenfreude occurs when envied persons fall from grace. The fMRI results indicate that social comparison play substantial roles in these social pain and pleasure.
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